E-Learning of Static Fluids Utilising Problem-Based Learning via the Edukati Platform to Encourage Students' Critical Thinking Skills

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v8i2.988

Abstract

This study aims to develop e-learning media based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) with the help of the Edukati platform on static fluid material to train students' critical thinking skills. The problems in this study are the low empowerment of critical thinking skills in physics learning and the lack of learning media that support independent and contextual understanding of concepts. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Validation was conducted by four experts (media expert, subject matter expert, technical expert, and pedagogical expert), and practical testing involved teachers and students from MA Muhajirin Kampar. The e-learning platform is equipped with videos, e-modules, e-worksheets, interactive quizzes, discussion forums, and exams aligned with PBL syntax and critical thinking indicators. The validity results from media, content, technical, and pedagogical experts yielded an average validity score of 3.52, indicating that the developed e-learning platform is highly valid. The responses from teachers and students showed enthusiasm and comfort with the developed media, achieving an average practicality score of 3.62 (very practical) and 3.55 (very practical). Therefore, the PBL-based Fluid Statics e-learning is suitable for enhancing critical thinking skills among high school/MA students in grade XI.

References

Abdilah, M., Wijaya, H., Risdianto, E., & Koto, I. (2024). Development of a Digital Module for Kinematics Material Based on 3D Visual Animation through the MOOCS Platform to Improve Understanding of Concepts. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 7(2), 351–361. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v7i2.769

Affandi, M. R., Widyawati, M., & Budi Bhakti, Y. (2020). Analisis Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran E-Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X pada Pelajaran Fisika. JPF: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, VIII(2), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.24127/jpf.v8i2.2910

Alsahou, H., Abbas, Z., & Alfayly, A. (2022). The Attitude of Undergraduates Towards E-Learning Considering Educational and Technical Challenges and Requirements in Kuwaiti Applied Colleges. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 12(1) 33-49. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1358

Amanda, D., Medriati, R., Desy, &, & Putri, H. (2025). Development of Google Sites-Assisted E-Module Based on Problem Based Learning Model to Improve Learning Outcomes of Grade XI Students. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 8(1), 109–121. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v8i1.798

Apriani, Y., Medriati, R., & Setiawan, I. (2025). Development of Interactive E-modules Using Problem Based Learning Model the Independent Curriculum to Entrance High School Student Critical Thingking Skils. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 8(1), 254–271. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v8i1.826

Arikunto, S. (2002). Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.

Arrazi, M. H., & Diyana, T. N. (2024). Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif untuk Mengoptimalkan Student Centered Learning Materi Gerak Lurus. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika FKIP UM Metro, 12(1), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.24127/JPF.V12I1.9243

Asyhar, R. (2021). Kreatif Mengembangkan Media Pembelajaran. Referensi Jakarta.

Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: The ADDIE approach. In Instructional Design: The ADDIE Approach. Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09506-6

Chusna, I. F., Aini, I. N., Putri, K. A., & Elisa, M. C. (2024). Literatur Review: Urgensi Keterampilan Abad 21 pada Peserta Didik. Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan, 4(4), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.17977/um065.v4.i4.2024.1

Elitasari, H. T. (2022). Kontribusi Guru dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Abad 21. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(6) 9508-9516. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i6.4120

Elyas, A. H. (2018). Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran E-Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran. Jurnal Warta, 56,1-11. https://doi.org/10.46576/wdw.v0i56.4

Ennis, R. H. (2013). The Nature of Critical Thinking: An Outline of Critical Thinking Dispositions and Abilities.

Haghparast, M., Nasaruddin, F. H., & Abdullah, N. (2014). Cultivating Critical Thinking Through E-learning Environment and Tools: A Review. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 129, 527–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2014.03.710

Hamdani M, Prayitno BA, & Karyanto P. (2019). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Melalui Metode Eksperimen. Proceeding Biology Education Conference 16(1), 16, 139–145.

Hamzah, M. R., Mujiwati, Y., Zuhriyah, F. A., & Suryanda, D. (2022). Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar sebagai Wujud Pendidikan yang Memerdekakan Peserta Didik. Arus Jurnal Pendidikan, 2(3), 221–226. https://doi.org/10.57250/AJUP.V2I3.112

Hamutoglu, N. B., Unveren-Bilgic, E. N., Salar, H. C., & Şahin, Y. L. (2021). The Effect of E-Learning Experience on Readiness, Attitude, and Self-Control/Self-Management. Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice, 20, 93-120. https://doi.org/10.28945/4822

Hamzah, M. R., Mujiwati, Y., Zuhriyah, F. A., & Suryanda, D. (2022). Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar sebagai Wujud Pendidikan yang Memerdekakan Peserta Didik. Arus Jurnal Pendidikan, 2(3), 221–226. https://doi.org/10.57250/AJUP.V2I3.112

Hannafin, M. J., & Land, S. M. (1997). The Foundations and Assumptions of Technology-Enhanced Student-Centered Learning Environments. Instructional Science, 25(3), 167–202. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1002997414652/METRICS

Inggriyani, F., Fazriyah, N., & Purbasari, A. (2019). Penggunaan E-learning Berbasis Moodle bagi KKG Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Lengkong Kota Bandung. Jurnal SOLMA, 8(2), 268-277. https://doi.org/10.29405/solma.v8i2.3695

Johnson, R. B., & Christensen, L. B. (2014). Educational research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches. In Sage, Thousand Oaks (US) (5th ed., Vol. 102, Issue 3). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Kusumah, R. G. T. (2019). Peningkatan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Mahasiswa Tadris IPA melalui Pendekatan Saintifik pada Mata Kuliah IPA Terpadu. IJIS Edu : Indonesian Journal of Integrated Science Education, 1(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.29300/ijisedu.v1i1.1762

Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. www.cambridge.org

Molamahu, D., Buhungo, J., Payu, C. S., & Arbie, A. (2025). The Influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model Assisted by PhET Simulation on Students’ Learning Outcomes in Parabolic Motion Material. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 8(1), 133-146. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v8i1.821

Moore, J. L., Dickson-Deane, C., & Galyen, K. (2011). e-Learning, online learning, and distance learning environments: Are they the same? The Internet and Higher Education, 14(2), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IHEDUC.2010.10.001

Munawwarah, M., Laili, N., & Tohir, M. (2020). Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Keterampilan Abad 21. Alifmatika: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Matematika, 2(1), 37–58. https://doi.org/10.35316/alifmatika.2020.v2i1.37-58

Musliman, A., & Kasman, U. (2022). Efektivitas Model Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk Melatih Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Konsep Fisika yang Bersifat Abstrak. Jurnal Jendela Pendidikan, 2(01), 48-53. https://doi.org/10.57008/jjp.v2i01.116

Nasir, M., & Fakhruddin, Z. (2023). Design and Analysis of Multimedia Mobile Learning Based on Augmented Reality to Improve Achievement in Physics Learning. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 13(6), 993–1000. https://doi.org/10.18178/IJIET.2023.13.6.1897

Patabang, I., Yusuf, I., Allo, A. Y., & Widyaningsih, S. W. (2020). The Application of Problem Based Learning Models with E-Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic to Students’ Science Process Skills of Class XI IPA Students at SMA Santo Paulus Manokwari. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 3(2), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v3i2.154

Puspitasari, W. D., & Jamaluddin, W. (2018). Respon terhadap Media Pembelajaran Melalui E-Learning Moodle sebagai Suplemen Pembelajaran Fisika. Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 1(3), 237-242. https://doi.org/10.24042/ijsme.v1i3.3598

Sakdiah, H., Ginting, F. W., Rejeki, N. S., & Miranda, A. (2022). Pembelajaran STEAM terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Ditinjau dari Sikap Ilmiah Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Kajian Fisika Kejuruan. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(5), 487-493. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i5.2313

Saprudin, S., Haerullah, A. H., & Hamid, F. (2021). Analisis Penggunaan E-Modul dalam Pembelajaran Fisika; Studi Literatur. Jurnal Luminous: Riset Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika, 2(2), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.31851/luminous.v2i2.6373

Sardi, A., Palimari, & Rahmayani, S. (2022). Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa melalui Challenge Based Learning. Al-Irsyad Journal of Physics Education, 1(2), 70-85. https://doi.org/10.58917/ijpe.v1i2.31

Septeanawati, M., & Yulianti, D. (2021). Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Masalah di Era Pandemi untuk Mengembangkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif. UPEJ Unnes Physics Education Journal, 10(2), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.15294/upej.v10i2.54194

Septiani, Y., Misdalina, & Lia, L. (2021). Development of E-Learning Based on Flipped Classroom Assisted with Blog on Momentum and Impuls Materials Physics in Class X High Schools. Jurnal Geliga Sains (JGS): Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika, 9(2), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.31258/jgs.9.2.148-157

Setyosari, P. (2013). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan & Pengembangan (4th ed.). Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.

Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: CV. Alfabeta.

Suhardiman, S., Nur Asni, Andi Ika Prasasti Abrar, & Ummul Hasanah. (2022). Meta Analisis Pengaruh Media Simulasi E-Learning PhET terhadap Hasil Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Fisika. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 12(3), 779-791. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v12i3.652

Tandirerung, V. A., & Mangesa, R. T. (2022). Pengembangan E-learning Berbasis Edukati pada Sekolah Menengah Atas. Information Technology Education Journal, 1(3), 46-49. https://doi.org/10.59562/intec.v1i3.252

Yetti, W., & Ahyanuardi. (2020). Pengembangan Modul E-Learning Berbasis LMS Sebagai Media Interaktif Pada Pelajaran Simulasi dan Komukasi Digital. INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional dan Teknologi, 20(3), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.24036/INVOTEK.V20I3.839

Yew, E. H. J., & Goh, K. (2016). Problem-Based Learning: An Overview of its Process and Impact on Learning. Health Professions Education, 2(2), 75–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HPE.2016.01.004

Yusa, I. M. D. (2023). Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Group Investigation dengan Penilaian Peta Konsep untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Dasar dan Kritis Siswa. Journal of Education Action Research, 7(3), 358-367. https://doi.org/10.23887/jear.v7i3.64698

Yusuf, I., & Widyaningsih, S. W. (2020). Implementing E-Learning-Based Virtual Laboratory Media to Students' Metacognitive Skills. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Online), 15(5), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i05.12029

Zamriani, N., Sari, S. Y., & Hidayati, H. (2023). The Effect of The Guided Inquiry Learning Model on The Critical Thinking Skill of Students in Static and Dynamic Fluid Materials for Class XI MAN 2 Bukittinggi. Pillar of Physics Education, 16(2) 135-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/14247171074

Zulfawati, Z., & Mayasari, T. (2021). Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik dengan Integrasi STEM. ORBITA: Jurnal Kajian, Inovasi dan Aplikasi Pendidikan Fisika, 7(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.31764/orbita.v7i1.4164

Downloads

Published

26-12-2025

How to Cite

Satrio, W., Sianturi, T. F. A., & M. Rahmad. (2025). E-Learning of Static Fluids Utilising Problem-Based Learning via the Edukati Platform to Encourage Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 8(2), 420–433. https://doi.org/10.37891/kpej.v8i2.988